What is video optical transceiver

Optical transceivers are terminal devices for transmitting optical signals. Due to the improvement of current technology, the reduction in the price of optical fiber has made it well applied in various fields. Therefore, the manufacturers of optical transceivers are like springing up. However, most of the manufacturers here are not fully mature. The development of new technologies requires cost, manpower, and material resources. This leads to the fact that many manufacturers are small and medium-sized enterprises, and all brands have emerged one after another. However, the quality is still similar, foreign optical transceivers are good but expensive, therefore, the domestic manufacturers to transform the production of optical transceivers out of the way to meet domestic needs.

Overview

The so-called optical transceiver is a non-compression optical transceiver that transmits video.

The development of video optical transceivers in China is accompanied by the development of monitoring. Video optical transceivers are devices that convert one to multiple analog video signals into various optical signals and transmit them through optical fiber media. They are also divided into analog optical transceivers and digital optical transceivers. .

Analog optical transceiver

The analog optical transceiver adopts the PFM modulation technology to transmit the image signal in real time. The transmit end first performs the PFM modulation on the analog video signal, and then performs the electro-optical conversion. After the optical signal is transmitted to the receiving end, the optical-electrical conversion is performed, and then the PFM demodulation is performed to recover the video signal. Due to the use of PFM modulation technology, the transmission distance can reach 50Km or more. By using wavelength division multiplexing technology, it is also possible to realize bi-directional transmission of image and data signals on a single optical fiber to meet the actual needs of the monitoring project. This analog optical transceiver also has some drawbacks:

a) production debugging is more difficult;

b) It is more difficult for a single optical fiber to achieve multi-channel image transmission, and the performance will be reduced. This analog optical transceiver can generally only transmit 4 channels of images on a single optical fiber;

c) The anti-jamming capability is poor, affected by environmental factors, with temperature drift; d) Due to the use of analog modulation and demodulation technology, its stability is not high enough, with the increase of the use of time or the change of environmental characteristics, the optical transceiver The performance will also change, causing some inconvenience to the use of the project.

Digital optical transceiver

Since digital technology has obvious advantages in many respects compared to traditional analog technologies, just as digital technology has replaced analog technology in many areas, the digitalization of optical transceivers is an inevitable trend. There are mainly two kinds of digital video optical transceivers: one is an MPEG II video compression digital optical transceiver, and the other is a digital non-compressed video optical transceiver.

Image compression digital optical transceivers generally use MPEGII image compression technology, which can compress moving images into N×2Mbps data streams and transmit them over standard telecommunications interfaces or directly over optical fibers. Due to the use of image compression technology, it can greatly reduce the signal transmission bandwidth.

The all-digital uncompressed video optical transceiver adopts all-digital non-compression technology, so it can support any high-resolution motion and still-image transmission without distortion; it overcomes the serious interference of conventional analog FM, phase modulation, and amplitude modulation optical transceivers. , Disadvantages of environmental interference, poor transmission quality, and low stability in long-term operation. And support audio two-way, data bidirectional, switch bidirectional, Ethernet, telephone and other signals in parallel transmission, convenient field wiring, plug and play. Compared with the traditional analog optical transceiver, the digital optical transceiver has obvious advantages:

1) Longer transmission distance: up to 80Km, even farther (120Km);

2) Support video lossless regeneration relay, so you can use multi-level transmission mode;

3) Less interference from the environment, high transmission quality; 4) The supported signal capacity can reach 16 channels, or even more (32 channels, 64 channels, 128 channels).

System principle

The optical transmission system consists of three parts: a light source (optical transmitter), a transmission medium, and a detector (optical receiver).

Divided by transmission signals, it can be divided into digital transmission systems and analog transmission systems.

In an analog transmission system, the input signal is changed to a continuous change in the amplitude (frequency or phase) of the transmission signal. The analog transmission system of the optical fiber simulates the light intensity, and the modulation power of the light source varies with the amplitude of the modulation signal. However, due to the serious nonlinearity of the light source, its signal-to-noise ratio, transmission distance and transmission frequency are very limited.

The digital transmission system converts the input signal into a pulse signal represented by "1" and "0", and uses it as a transmission signal. At the receiving end, it is restored to the original information. In this way, the nonlinearity of the light source has little effect on the digital code stream. In addition, digital communication can adopt some coding and error correction methods, and is easy to implement multiplexing. Therefore, the digital transmission system occupies a large advantage and is obtained in many places. A wide range of applications.

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