There are many types of carving knives, basically divided into two categories. One type is the "Weng tube-shaped" blank knife, commonly known as "cutting the wilderness" and "blank knife", and the other is the "drill bar-shaped" smoothing knife, which is mainly used for digging fine blanks and smoothing. The widest chisel is 4-6 cm, the narrowest chisel is only a little bit at the tip of the needle. When choosing wood cutters, beginner woodcarvers must first understand their respective uses, and then go to the place of origin, manufacturer or blacksmith shop to customize the purchase. The blank knives are better produced in Dongyang, Zhejiang, Yueqing, Wenzhou, and Guangfu, Suzhou. In some local art materials stores, more suitable woodcarving tools are also available. If you are inconvenient or unavailable, you can learn to do it yourself. The advantage of doing it yourself is that regardless of the type, size and shape of the knife, you can choose and decide by yourself. You can add handy tools at any time according to different uses and needs. However, self-made knives are limited to the "drill bar shape" for polishing. Some people have tried to use steel plate files to make blank knives. For example, the blank knife and the smoothing knife used in Fujian are directly made of iron bars or steel bars. Because the iron handles are square, they can be used without wooden handles. The types and uses of wood carving knives and their production methods are introduced one by one. Round knife: The cutting edge is arc-shaped, mostly used for round and round dents. It is also very useful in carving traditional flowers. For example, the round surface of flower leaves, petals and flower branches need to be treated with a round knife. The round knife is relatively labor-saving to transport the knife horizontally, and can adapt to large fluctuations and small changes. Moreover, the line of the round knife is uncertain, it is flexible to use and easy to explore. According to different uses, the type of round knife should be different, the size range is basically between 5 cm-0.5 cm. The two corners of the blade of the round carved figure should be polished off, and it will be rounded. Otherwise, when carving clothes or other dents, not only will it not be pushed, but also the sides of the dent will be damaged. If you want to emboss, you should keep the two corners of the knife edge, and use the function of its corner tip to carve the corner of the ground, so it should be equipped with two kinds. There is a difference between the positive and negative round knives. The one with the inclined plane in the groove and the straight back of the knife is a round knife with a straight mouth. The inclined surface is on the back of the knife, and the straight one in the groove is a round knife with a reverse mouth. It is more wood-deep and can be used to walk or pick the ground gently. It is more useful in relief. The shape of the round knife can also be bent into an iron rod according to the needs, so as to reach into the deeper part to dig a hole. Flat knife: The cutting edge is straight, mainly used for splitting the unevenness of the surface of the wood to make it smooth and seamless. Larger models can also be used to chisel large, blocky faces, which can be applied effectively, such as the brushstroke effect of painting, which looks strong, vivid and natural. The sharp angle of the flat knife can cut the line, when the two knives intersect can remove the blade foot or the engraved pattern. Wood carving figures from Sweden and the Soviet Union mostly use flat knives, which have a strong sense of wood. Diagonal knife: The knife edge is at an oblique angle of about 45 degrees. It is mainly used for the joint corners and hollow slits of the work for angle trimming. If you engrave the corners of your eyes, a diagonal knife is better. The knife is divided into forehand and backhand to suit all directions. In the boxwood carvings in Shanghai, the hair strands are usually made with diagonal knives, and the knives and twists are used to transport the knives. The effect of the hair is more vivid and natural than the triangular knives. Yuwan knife: Commonly known as "monk head" and "butterfly chisel", the cutting edge is rounded. It is a knife for smoothing between a round knife and a flat knife. It is divided into two types: circular arc and oblique arc. When the flat knife and the round knife cannot be cast, they can be replaced instead. The characteristic is that it is relatively gentle. It is neither as straight as a flat knife nor as deep as a round knife. It is suitable for use on a concave surface. China Steel Knife: The straight edge has a slope on both sides. Also known as a "knife". Traditional carving believes that the blade of the Chinese steel is in the center of the blade, and the blank can be used to keep the blade straight and keep the surrounding parts free from vibration. Sinosteel knives are also used to engrave patterns and patterns on character costumes and props. Triangular knife: The blade is triangular, because the front is on the left and right sides, and the sharp point is on the middle corner. To make triangular knives, use appropriate tool steel (usually 4-6 mm round steel), mill a triangular groove of 55 degrees to 60 degrees, smooth both waists, and grind the mouth end into a cutting edge. When the angle is large, the engraved lines are thick, and vice versa. Triangular knife is mainly used to engrave hair and decorative lines. It is also a tool commonly used in printmaking and watermark woodcut art making. During operation, the triangular knife tip is pushed on the wooden board, and the wood chips are spit out from the triangular groove. Then the lines are drawn. When choosing to use the above tools, pay attention to the difference in the thickness of the cutter head in terms of use. The so-called blade head is the section of the blade actually used. The thinner and sharper the blade, the poorer the fastness. According to this situation, the blade of the blank can be thicker enough to withstand the hammering and digging hard; the knife for smoothing is thinner, so-called thin blade dense piece, so that the wood can be carved clean and seamless . In short, the tool selection and configuration must be strictly in accordance with the nature of the process, and cannot be replaced at will, and no matter the quantity or quality should be guaranteed, in traditional craft carving, wood carving tools often have more than 100 pieces, and the craft is generally at least It also costs 30 pieces. Of course, only a small part is often used, and some are used only occasionally.
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